1. Power Distribution in the Main Audio System

The power distribution for the main speaker system in sound reinforcement should be determined based on the combination of units selected, adhering to the undistorted power conditions of the power amplifier. Both front-end frequency division and power frequency division methods can be employed for speaker driving. To ensure the rationality and reliability of the speaker system within the hall, specialized treatment is required in the grouping and wiring techniques for power distribution.

In large halls, it is crucial to provide a good sense of directionality for the speaker system, enabling the audience to "see" the speakers and align the visual and auditory directions. Auditory perception is more sensitive to horizontal directionality compared to vertical.

By introducing appropriate delays into the main speaker system and utilizing the Haas effect, the sound image can be shifted downward, making the directionality of the speaker system and the sound source more consistent. This enhances the listening experience.

Auxiliary speaker systems, apart from the main system, typically vary in type. For instance, ceiling speakers are used in corridors and lounges for background music, while combination speakers or small sound columns are employed in small VIP meeting rooms.

In such cases, speakers are grouped according to their power, impedance (or voltage), and quantity. Necessary parallel and series connections are made before connecting to the power distribution board. A switchable connection circuit is designed based on the overall power distribution, along with a backup amplification system, allowing convenient control and operation within the sound reinforcement control room. Additionally, the power requirements for the monitoring and feedback systems must be determined.

2. The Monitoring System and Its Power Requirements

The monitoring system is a dedicated audio setup designed to address the listening needs of performers and musicians on stage. During performances, actors and musicians are positioned behind the main sound field speakers. If they cannot hear their own sound effects clearly, it becomes difficult to maintain the desired performance feel. Therefore, the monitoring system is essential in addition to the main sound field audio system in theaters and dance halls.

Furthermore, in case of a malfunction in the main sound field audio system, the monitoring system can serve as an emergency audio solution, preventing awkward silences. Typically, the power requirement for the monitoring system is set at 20% of the main sound field's power. For instance, if the main sound field's power is 2000w, the monitoring system should have a power of 400w.

In the monitoring system, to ensure appropriate volume and clarity, the power of the monitoring amplifier should be approximately 1.3 times greater than the power of the monitoring speakers. In practical applications, the output power of the monitoring amplifier is adjusted on-site. If the power of the monitoring system is too low, it loses its purpose, and if it's too high, it can overshadow the main sound and lead to adverse sound feedback effects. Therefore, special attention should be paid to adjusting the volume and effects of the monitoring system.

3. The Feedback System and Its Power Requirements

The feedback system is a dedicated audio setup designed to address the listening needs of sound operators in the control room. During performances, the main speakers are located in the sound field, which is acoustically isolated from the control room. As a result, sound operators cannot directly hear the sound effects of the main speakers or their own sound adjustments, making it difficult to perform their duties.

Therefore, it is necessary to install a feedback system in the control room that synchronizes with the sound field audio, assisting sound operators in understanding the sound effects of the main sound field and making adjustments accordingly. Consequently, the feedback system is also crucial for various hall audio systems.

In general, the power requirement for the feedback system is set at 10% of the main sound field's power. For instance, if the main sound field's power is 2000w, the feedback system should have a power of 200w. In the feedback system, to achieve undistorted sound effects, the power of the feedback amplifier can be equal to that of the feedback speakers.

During practical use, the output power of the feedback amplifier is adjusted on-site. If the power of the feedback system is too low, it loses its significance, and if it's too high, it can make the control room too noisy, affecting the work of sound operators. Therefore, it is crucial to adjust the feedback system to an appropriate volume before the program begins.

The total power of the subwoofer speakers can range from 0.5 to 1.5 times the total power of the main speakers. For disco dance floors, the upper limit is recommended, while for multi-functional halls, the lower limit is suitable. In settings limited to speech reinforcement, subwoofer speakers may not be necessary.